Thursday, January 23, 2020

Presentation on Anti-Malaria Mosquitoes Essay -- Powerpoint Presentatio

The Malaria Protozoan parasite, of the genus Plasmodium. There are two main types of Plasmodiumthat infect humans Plasmodium Falciparum Plasmodium Vivax Transmitted by female mosquitoes Develops in mosquito gut Migrates to salivary glands Transfers to other organisms through the saliva of the mosquito. The Mosquito A mosquito is an organism of the family Culicidae. The females require a blood meal to develop eggs. The mosquito vector for malaria is the mosquito genus Anopheles. Transfers Plasmodiumthrough saliva while feeding on blood. http://www.aaenvironment.com/Pictures/Mosquito.jpg Malaria, mosquitoes, and humans http://www.clongen.com/Plasmodium%20falciparum%20life%20cycle.gif A Mosquito-borne disease Malaria is widespread, and very common in parts of the Americas, Asia, and most of Africa. No vaccine available Only medicine is preventative drugs that must be taken continuously. If infected, there is some antimalarial medication available, most notably quinine. Some other preventative measures can be taken Mosquito netting Insecticides Draining standing water So, what is this â€Å"Anti-malaria mosquito?† An anti-malaria mosquito is a mosquito that is immune to malaria. This is good because The malaria will die inside the mosquito instead of continuing its life cycle. The mosquito will not be able to transmit the malaria to other organisms. There are multiple ideas of how to create such a mosquito. Transgenic mosquito Modified symbiont The transgenic mosquito A transgenic anti-malaria mosquito is a mosquito that has had a gene inserted to make it kill the malaria while it develops in the mosquito. There have been many genes tested, including ... ... the genus Asaia stably associate with Anopheles stephensi, an Asian malarial mosquito vector." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104(2007): 9047-9051. Li, Chaoyang, Mauro Marrelli, Guiyan Yan, Marcelo Jacobs-Lorena. "Fitness of Transgenic Anopheles stephensi." Journal of Heredity 99(2008): 275-282. Favia, G. â€Å"Bacteria of the Genus Asaia: A Potential Paratransgenic Weapon Against Malaria† Transgenesis and the Management of Vector-Borne Disease 627(2008):49-59. Yoshida, S. "Bacteria expressing single-chain immunotoxin inhibit malaria parasite development in mosquitoes." Molecular and biochemical parasitology 113.1 (2001):89-96. Bibliography Ctd. Knols, B. "Transgenic mosquitoes and the fight against malaria: Managing technology push in a turbulent GMO world." The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 77.6, Suppl. S (2007):232-242.

Wednesday, January 15, 2020

Estonia Essay Essay

Estonia joined the European Union as well as NATO in 2004. Estonia has been the first country to allow for internet voting in elections for parliament members (infoplease, n. d. ). Tampering would be thought to be an issue with allow for electronic voting, but the Estonian government has taken the precautions necessary to prevent that from happening. The current president of Estonia is Toomas Hendrik Ilves. President Ilves was elected by an electoral college in 2006. He had previously served in the Estonia Parliament before being elected. The Prime Minister of Estonia, who serves as the head of the government and has just as much if not more power than the president, is Prime Minister Andrus Ansip who has held his position since 2005. The type of government that Estonia has adopted is a Parliamentary Republic. The people of the Estonia vote for the members to represent that parliament, in this case 101 people. Those 101 members of parliament then vote on who the President and Prime Minister of Estonia are. Parliament also gives forth votes to the people on issues that are concerns for the whole country. Estonia remains a so called melting pot for Eastern Europe. The country is made up of 60 percent Estonia’s, with the other 40 percent being from other parts of the former Soviet Republic and a small population from other various parts of the world (Miller, 2009). With this much diversity within the country it is commendable that Estonia has done so well and can be a model of social and political change in just a short period of time after it had gained its independence from the Soviet Union. The political landscape of Estonia remains steady even with the drastic population from other countries. The huge national population disparity can and has lead to violent conflicts in the country. In 2007, the Russians that are in the country went to the capital to celebrate Victory Day, this day being the end of Fascism at the end of WWII. Estonian’s view Victory Day totally different than the Russians that are apart of Estonia. Victory Day to Estonian’s represents the start of Soviet occupancy in their country up until 1990. The Estonian government then moved the statue that the Russians came to, to celebrate, which led to violent clashes with country police for days (Miller, 2009).

Tuesday, January 7, 2020

Human Trafficking And The Exploitation Of Humans - 892 Words

When most individuals think of slavery, whips, chains, and manual labor come to mind. In today’s society, slavery is defined in a slightly different way. Yet still the same basic principle of a single individual being under complete and total control of another stands strong. Sometimes control is shown on a more psychological level than a physically abusive one that was in the past. Nonetheless, slave owners still possess total control. Human trafficking is the term used today rather than slavery, although the two terms can be used in a somewhat synonyms. â€Å"Humans are renewable commodities. They can be bought and sold exponentially† (Helton.) That is exactly the mindset that a trafficker possesses. They do not see human beings as exactly that; to a trafficker they are simply pieces in their business. Whether that business is sex trafficking and the exploitation of humans for the purpose of sexual endeavors, or the work force. Trafficking of human beings is a serious issue facing the world today. Modern day slavery is something that gets brushed under the rug because of the alarming fact, no one knows exactly how to stop it. Humans are forced to work because they have no money. â€Å"Humans are tricked or cohered into situations of exploitation from which they cannot escape† (Gallagher.) Once a trafficker lends a few dollars and a job to the hurting individual or family, they are then forever indebted to the trafficker. So and the vicious never ending cycle begins. TraffickersShow MoreRelatedHuman Trafficking and Exploitation973 Words   |  4 Pagesmillions more will become victims. Human sex trafficking is a form of slavery and involuntary servitude which results in major human rights contraventions. Sex trafficking contains individuals profiting from the sexual extortion of others and has severe physical and psychological consequences for its victims.1 Prostitution is the exchange of sexual acts for human necessities such as money, f ood, shelter and often times, drugs. Prostitution is a form of sexual exploitation that can include street prostitutionRead MoreHuman Trafficking And Sexual Exploitation1493 Words   |  6 Pagestarget for the human trafficking industry of sexual exploitation. Human sex trafficking can date back to thousands of years ago, but the most known period of human trafficking were portrayed during African slave trade (Oster). That being said, alongside the forced labor included among enslavement, the second most popular form of human trafficking is sexual exploitation, mainly among women and children (Deshpande and Nour). As stated above, figure 1 proves that sexual exploitation remains to be oneRead MoreHuman Trafficking And Sexual Exploitation787 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom Proverbs 31:8-10 and is my motivation for fighting against human trafficking. When I first became involved in anti-trafficking efforts I wasn’t sure where it was going to lead me. Around 80% of organizations tha t work with human trafficking deal solely in awareness raising, which is extremely important. However, I soon realized that simply being knowledgeable about an issue, exclusively educating others will not end human trafficking, nor protect those who are vulnerable or gain justice for theRead MoreHuman Trafficking and Sexual Exploitation1908 Words   |  8 Pages The United States - An Unsafe Haven Human trafficking is the trade in humans, most commonly for the purpose of sexual slavery or forced labor. The most common form of human trafficking is sexual exploitation which is the slavery of unwilling people for sexual purposes. According to the Federal Bureau Of Investigation (FBI) sexual exploitation is the most common form of modern day slavery. Although it’s a commonly talked about subject, media’s portrayal of the matter has led many people from theRead MoreHuman Trafficking And Sexual Exploitation1138 Words   |  5 PagesHuman trafficking has been dubbed the modern version of slavery as it is the act of taking an individual by force or coercion for some aspect of labour purposes. The phenomenon of human trafficking for sexual exploitation is not a recent one. Human trafficking has historical roots in traditions of worldwide slavery and in debt-bondage in the South East Asian region. In the 20th century, during the periods of the First World War and the Seco nd World War, human trafficking for sexual exploitation grewRead MoreHuman Trafficking And Exploitation Of Women1388 Words   |  6 PagesHuman trafficking has always been a problem around the world. The human trafficking industry contains many different branches: trafficking for forced labor, trafficking for cells and organs, people smuggling, sexual exploitation of children, and sex exploitation of women (interpol). This industry as a whole is internationally run and is worth about $150 billion dollars from a recent 2017 statistic (venturebeat). An estimated 21 million victims are trapped in the trafficking industry and about 22%Read MoreIllegal Trade And Exploitation Of Human Trafficking2391 Words   |  10 PagesThe illegal trade and exploitation of human beings for forced labor, prostitution and reproductive favors is defined as human trafficking. Human trafficking is a global issue and is second only to the international drug trade in regards to organized crime. Many report s say that, it is a multi-billion dollar business affecting several million people in every country across the world. The two main types of human trafficking are: human sex trafficking, and forced labor, both making up what society describesRead MoreHuman Goods : Child Trafficking For Sexual Exploitation893 Words   |  4 PagesHuman Goods: Child Trafficking for Sexual Exploitation According to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, 20% of all human trafficking victims worldwide are under the age of 18 (UNODC Report on Human Trafficking Exposes Modern Form of Slavery). Child trafficking is the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring, and receipt of a person under the age of 18 for the purpose of exploitation. Trafficking victims will be used for forced labor, domesticated servitude, organ harvesting, andRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is The Exploitation Of Men, Women, And Children1014 Words   |  5 PagesHuman Trafficking is the exploitation of men, women, and children in order to gain a monetary benefit from the involuntary sex acts the victims are forced to commit. Trafficking rings are usually run by one pimp or a family of pimps that charm the victim by offering them a better future of love and promise. However, this life does not consist of those charming promises. As the testimonies below will show, human trafficking may be stated as a good monetary business and life choice, but instead, traffickingRead MoreHuman Trafficking1355 Words   |  6 PagesRigdon November 16, 2014 Human Trafficking and its Dire Effects. Human Trafficking in the United States is something not a lot of people discuss. Most think it is only something that happens in third world countries, but in fact could be happening in their hometown. According to Protocol to Prevent, Subdue and Punish Trafficking in Persons, human trafficking in the modern world entails transfer of persons by use of applied force. Other methods used to enforce the trafficking include use of deception